Enameled ware



Patented Mar. 1, 1938 Ignaz Kreidl, Vienna, Austria No Drawing. Application January 23, 1932. Se- I rial No. 588,508. In Austria February 12, 1931 2] Claims. (01. 91-73) l rendered opaque by the clouding agent, is then enamel which is to be applied once only or is to applied to this enamel base. Since such base be applieddirectly to the surfaceto be enamenamel is colored a thoroughly opaque coating eled the known solid clouding agents are used, enamel is necessary in order to hide the coloring. such as for example the insoluble white oxides of The invention depends on the fact that alloys of tin, zirconium or the like, or gas clouding agents.

l iron-with metals enable enameling to be effected It will be understood that the term adhesion, without the use of a base enamel containing metal as herein employed has reference to those nickel oxide or cobalt oxide. metals disclosed in the present specification or Thus, alloys of iron with nickel or cobalt are their'equivalents, which when alloyed with iron suitable for the process according to the inven-' render the same capable of being enameled dition, these metals being employed as alloy conrectly and without the use of a priming coat of stituents either separately or combined with one metallic oxides. 20 another, as desired. What I claim is: r

The quantity of alloy constituents, or the con- 1. Enameled sheet iron ware comprising a tent of such, maybeestablished empirically. The white clouded vitreous enamel and a base conalloy constituents are employed only in such sisting of an alloy of iron with one to three per 25 quantities that adherence of the enamel is efcent of a metal selected from the group consistfected. Alloys with those metals which already ing of cobalt and nickel. bring about'adherence of the enamel when pres- 2. -Enameled sheet iron ware comprising a ent in small quantities have proved to be best of white clouded vitreous enamel and a base conall, i. e., alloys which with 1 to 3% of alloy adsisting of an alloy of iron with not more than 30 ditions and even less, effect adherence of the three per cent. of a metalselected from the group enamel to the iron. consisting of cobalt and nickel, but containing By employing alloyed iron or alloyed sheet iron a suflicient amount of said metal to cause adheas a base material for the enameling, action may sion of the enamel to the said iron base.

5 IGNAZ KREIDL.

This invention relates to a process for making enamels, more particularly white opaque enamels for sheet iron. Iron cannot be enameled directly, for. enamels are incapable of adhering to iron. In the production of such enamels, therefore, use is usually made of a base enamel containing oxides of cobalt, nickel, or the like which brings about adherence of the enamel to the iron. The enamel proper (coating enamel) also be produced on the enamel itself, such as more particularly on the adherence, on the elasticity, on the coeflicients of expansion and so forth.

The use of such alloyed metal sheets for the enameling consequently enables the production of opaque, more particularly white clouded, enamels even with a single'layer of enamel, i. e., without use of an enamel base, it being immaterial whether as clouding agents for such an 

